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Glycoside hydrolase family 61
In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 61 is wrongly classified as a family of glycoside hydrolases. In March 2013 it was re-classified as Auxiliary Activity 9 of the CAZy system.
Glycoside hydrolases are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolases, based on sequence similarity, has led to the definition of >100 different families.〔(Bairoch, A. "Classification of glycosyl hydrolase families and index of glycosyl hydrolase entries in SWISS-PROT". 1999. )〕 This classification is available on the CAZy(http://www.cazy.org/GH1.html) web site,〔(Henrissat, B. and Coutinho P.M. "Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes server". 1999. )〕 and also discussed at CAZypedia, an online encyclopedia of carbohydrate active enzymes.〔(CAZypedia, an online encyclopedia of carbohydrate-active enzymes. )〕
AA9 is known to be a copper dependent, oxidative enzyme able to cleave crystalline cellulose.〔http://www.scopus.com/record/display.url?eid=2-s2.0-81755166559&origin=resultslist&sort=plf-f&src=s&st1=Westereng&st2=B&nlo=1&nlr=20&nls=count-f&sid=D1642A3162BE5E1C47EB35DCF40BDC23.aXczxbyuHHiXgaIW6Ho7g%3a273&sot=anl&sdt=aut&sl=38&s=AU-ID%28%22Westereng%2c+Bj%c3%b8rge%22+23135999100%29&relpos=9&relpos=9&citeCnt=25&searchTerm=AU-ID%28%5C%26quot%3BWestereng%2C+Bj%C3%B8rge%5C%26quot%3B+23135999100%29〕 Activity greatly depends on the presence of a divalent copper ion and a reductant such as gallate or ascorbate. The oxidative action of AA9 can work on either the reducing or the non-reducing end of glucose moietes.〔http://www.scopus.com/record/display.url?eid=2-s2.0-84858287477&origin=resultslist&sort=plf-f&src=s&st1=Dimarogona&st2=M&nlo=1&nlr=20&nls=count-f&sid=D1642A3162BE5E1C47EB35DCF40BDC23.aXczxbyuHHiXgaIW6Ho7g%3a553&sot=anl&sdt=aut&sl=38&s=AU-ID%28%22Dimarogona%2c+Maria%22+36019763600%29&relpos=3&relpos=3&citeCnt=6&searchTerm=AU-ID%28%5C%26quot%3BDimarogona%2C+Maria%5C%26quot%3B+36019763600%29〕 Although AA9 enzymes can be found in a large spectrum of biomass degrading fungi, research into this family is relatively new.〔http://www.scopus.com/record/display.url?eid=2-s2.0-84871874790&origin=resultslist&sort=plf-f&src=s&st1=Bey&st2=M&nlo=1&nlr=20&nls=count-f&sid=D1642A3162BE5E1C47EB35DCF40BDC23.aXczxbyuHHiXgaIW6Ho7g%3a393&sot=anl&sdt=aut&sl=33&s=AU-ID%28%22Bey%2c+Mathieu%22+54792809200%29&relpos=1&relpos=1&citeCnt=5&searchTerm=AU-ID%28%5C%26quot%3BBey%2C+Mathieu%5C%26quot%3B+54792809200%29〕
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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